What is the 1G,2G,3G,4G Welding?

The number-letter code tells a welder exactly how the joint is oriented:

The Number refers to the welding position (1=Flat, 2=Horizontal, 3=Vertical, 4=Overhead).

The Letter "G" stands for Groove Weld.

Common Use: Fabrication in a shop where the workpiece can be positioned or rotated for flat welding.

Common Use: Welding a joint on a vertical surface, like a seam on a storage tank or a large structural column.

Common Use: Shipbuilding, structural steel erection (e.g., columns), and large storage tanks.

Key Challenge: This is the most difficult position. Gravity is constantly trying to drip the molten weld metal out of the joint. It requires excellent arc control, proper amperage settings, and a very steady hand to prevent defects and ensure fusion.

Common Use: Welding on the underside of structures, such as bridges, ship decks, or overhead beams that cannot be moved.

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